Optimizing Lighting Management in Poultry Farming

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2024-03-20

Lighting plays a crucial role in the productivity and well-being of poultry, particularly in commercial settings. Implementing effective lighting strategies can significantly impact egg production, growth rates, and overall flock health. Here, we discuss two methods commonly employed in lighting management for poultry farming, along with key considerations and best practices.

Constant Photoperiod

In this method, a consistent photoperiod is maintained throughout specific growth stages. Typically, during the first week, chickens are exposed to 23 hours of light. From the 2nd to the 17th week, the longest natural daylight hours are identified, usually around 14 hours. And this duration is maintained until the 17th week. Subsequently, the lighting duration gradually increases by 0.5-1 hour per week until reaching the desired egg-laying phase.

Gradual Reduction of Lighting

Alternatively, lighting duration is gradually reduced over time. Starting with 23 hours of light in the first week, artificial lighting is supplemented to match the longest natural daylight hours, usually around 14 hours, during weeks 2 to 17. Thereafter, lighting duration decreases by 15 minutes per week until it reaches 3.5 hours less by the 17th week. From the 18th week onwards, lighting duration increases by 0.5-1 hour per week until reaching 16 hours during the egg-laying phase.

Key Considerations

Light Intensity: Light intensity should gradually decrease from 5-10 lux at 4 days old.

Production Stage Management: Adjustments in lighting management should be made based on the specific production stage, with different requirements for growing and egg-laying periods.

Lighting System Design: Proper design and layout of lighting systems are essential to ensure uniform light distribution and optimal coverage within the poultry house.

Transition Periods: Changes in lighting duration or intensity should be implemented gradually to avoid stress or disruptions to the flock.

Conclusion

Effective lighting management is critical for maximizing the performance and welfare of layers chickens. Whether employing a constant photoperiod or gradual reduction approach, careful planning and adherence to best practices are essential for achieving desired outcomes in poultry farming. By optimizing lighting conditions, poultry farmers can enhance productivity, promote healthy growth, and ultimately improve profitability in their operations.

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